Monetary Regimes of the Twentieth Century

Abstract economic theory may be timeless and potentially universal in its application, but macroeconomics has to be seen in its historical context. The nature of the policy regime, the behaviour of the economy and the beliefs of professional economists all interact, and influence each other. This short historical account of monetary regimes since 1900 shows how the role of policy has changed, and how this has related to experience of inflation and the real economy, as well as to changes in political philosophies. The narrative concentrates on developments in America, Britain, Germany, France and Japan. It begins with the era of the classical gold standard and ends with the 'neo-liberal' regimes of today. The decades in between saw much more active policy intervention, and much less faith in the stability of markets. The 'grand narrative' of the century is a journey 'to Utopia and back'. It is argued that no school of macroeconomics is right for all time; different theoretical models may be appropriate for different periods and regimes.

(Published by Cambridge University Press)

A NIESR book published by and available from <a href="http://www.cambridge.org/uk/">Cambridge University Press</a>